Monday, October 31, 2011

GRADE 10:

USE THIS TIME TO RESEARCH ON CONSTRUCTING THE DOUBLE CIRCULATION IN MAMMALS WITH YOUR PARTNER. THE CIRCULATION MUST BE OBSERVED.
TIPS: BOTTLES, TUBES AND DYE.

GRADE 9: ENZYMES

1. How do Enzymes alter the rate of chemical reaction?
2. Research about inorganic catalyst and how it is used.
3. How are Enzymes related to Digestion.
4. How are Enzymes classified? Give examples.
5. Research about induced-fit model on enzymes.
6. Research about the industrial applications and uses of Enzymes.
7. Research about Dr. Thomas Brock and his discovery.
8. What are co-enzymes and its use?

Tuesday, October 18, 2011

GRADE 10: TRANSPORT

THE PORTFOLIO SUBMISSION IS VERY NEAR. MAKE THE NECESSARY PREPARATIONS!
1. Why do large animals such as mammals need a transport system?
2. Discuss the different blood vessels completely.
3. Discuss the components of blood completely.
4. Research on creating synthetic human blood for medical purposes.
5. Discuss carbon monoxide poisoning.
6. Research on medicinal leeches and it helps people.
7. Research about phagocytosis.
8. Research about vaccination.
9. Diagram of a heart.
10. Research on the treatment of coronary heart disease.
11. Differentiate capillary action from transpiration.
12 State the factors which influence the rate of transpiration. Indicate how the rate is affected by each factor.

Thursday, October 13, 2011

GRADE 9: ENZYMES


Research about the LOCK AND KEY THEORY of enzymes. Draw a diagram of this theory in an A4 paper. Be ready to EXPLAIN it individually on October 27, 2011, while using the diagram you made.
TIP: Be creative in drawing the diagram. Be ready to defend your knowledge on the theory.

Monday, October 3, 2011

GRADE 10: RESEARCH

1. How does substances such as caffeine which is found in coffee affect the nervous system. List at least 10 substances and its effect on the nervous system.
2. Research about the life and works of Luigi Galvani (1737 - 1798).
3. What is acetylcholine? How is it related in controlling impulse transmission?
4. How does a person become blind? Explain and discuss all possibilities.
5. DESIGN a LOGO to be used on one of the five senses safety from impairment.
6. Write an ESSAY on which sense organ would you least likely to miss if lost.
7. Find and discuss FIVE (5) mental problems that would affect a person's behavior and way of life.
8. DRAW a reflex arc for your portfolio.
9. Compare a human's senses to other animals.

Wednesday, September 28, 2011

GRADE 9 IGCSE

Research the following:
¡Singapore opened Asia’s largest water desalination plant on Sept. 13, 2005. Water desalination involves reverse osmosis.
¡What is reverse Osmosis?
¡What are the sources of drinking water in Singapore and Indonesia?
¡How much water is consumed in Singapore per day? Indonesia per day?
¡Why does Singapore needs to desalinate water?

Wednesday, September 21, 2011

GRADE 9 IGCSE

RESEARCH ON THE FOLLOWING:

1. What is food? explain its use in the body of an organism.
2. What is meant by essential and non essential amino acids? How do we get it?
3. In what way is a calorie related to a change in weight?
4. What vitamin deficiency will a pure vegetarian most likely suffer from?
5. People can survive a short time without most nutrients, but they must have water regularly. Why?
6. What is energy?
7. What is a flamingo milk?
8. How does the body control heat loss?
9. How do cholesterol lead to heart disease?
10. How is starch hydrolyzed by enzymes?
11. Explain the quality of proteins.
12. Problems of world food supply.
13. Balanced diet.

Monday, September 12, 2011

GRADE 10: RESEARCH

Research the following:
1. Explain thoughtless response through an example from an animal without brain.
2. Structure of spinal nerves.
3. Discuss Grey matters.
4. Meningitis: cause, effect and treatment.
5. Explain the knee-jerk reflex.
6. Pavlov's experiment with conditioned reflex.
7. Pupil and its size adaptation to animals.
8. Discuss tapetum.
9. Explain pupil reflex.
10. Explain stereoscopic vision.
11. Explain the near point of the eye.
12. Acute Myopia: What are the advantages and disadvantages with, wearing glasses, contact lenses or refractive surgery? What will you suggest?
13. Discuss growth and metabolic abnormalities.
14. Compare hormones that have long term effect from short term effect.
15. Compare hormonal and nervous systems.

Thursday, August 18, 2011

GRADE 9 IGCSE

GRADE 9: Animal and Plant Nutrition

Research on the following for your portfolio:
1. What are mycoprotein?
2. Parts of a tooth. Search for a longitudinal section diagram of a tooth.
3. Research about food additives
a. What are the different types of food additives?
b. What food contains it.
c. What is the use or function of every food additive?
4. Research about the villus and its purpose in the body.
5. How do bile salts help in the digestion of fats?
6. What are the digestive juices that is secreted by the duodenum of the small intestine?
7. What is a sphincter muscle, where is it found and its function in the body?
8. What is a balanced diet? Prepare a balanced diet for one day.
9. How do digested food gets assimilated with the body?
10. How does fiber prevents constipation?
11. What is obesity? What are the risks or serious health problems that it causes?
12. What is kwashiorkor?
13. What are the limiting factors for a plant in manufacturing food?
14. What is a green house?
15. What is a biuret solution, benedict solution and iodine? How are they used?
16. Which plant has the largest leaf ever recorded?
17. How is glucose used in by plants?
18. What are the adaptations of leaves for photosynthesis?
19. What is a condensation reaction?
20. What is a hydrolictic reaction?
21. What is a gall stone and how does it affect the body?
22. How to prevent gallstones?
23. What is the difference between a fat and an oil?
24. What is Transpiration and its importance? How do big trees use it?
25. Research about humidity and its importance?
26. What is a potometer and how is it used?
27. Research about the carbon cycle.
28. What mineral salts are needed by the plants? Explain their use for the plant.
29. Research about the willow tree experiment by Joannes Baptista van Helmont.
30. How does a plant get destarched?

Monday, August 8, 2011

GRADE 9 IGCSE

Research about the following:
1. The state of equilibrium in being reached in diffusion.
2. Why do plants wilt? How can wilting be controlled?
3. Explain why animal cells do n0t build up turgor pressure.
4. Tissue culture.
5. Reverse osmosis.
6. IONS
7. How to measure the rate of Osmosis.
8. Experiments that involves movement of water.

Thursday, July 28, 2011

GRADE 10: RESEARCH

1. Describe the human nervous system in terms of the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.
2. Describe the structure and function of the eye, including accommodation and pupil reflex.
3. Identify motor (effector), relay (connector)and sensory neurones and draw diagrams.
4. Describe a simple reflex arc in terms of sensory, relay and motor neurones, and a reflex action as a means of automatically and rapidly integrating and coordinating stimuli with responses.
5. Define a hormone as a chemical substance, produced by a gland and carried by the blood.
6. State the role of the hormone adrenaline in the chemical control of metabolic activity, including increasing the blood glucose concentration and pulse rate.
7. Compare nervous and hormonal control systems.
8. Give examples of situations in which adrenaline secretion increases.
9. Define and investigate geotropism and phototropism.
10. Explain the chemical control of plant growth by auxins including geotropism and phototropism in terms of auxins regulating differential growth.
11. Define and Identify, on a diagram of the skin: hairs, sweat glands, temperature receptors, blood.
12. Describe the maintenance of a constant body temperature in humans in terms of insulation and the role of temperature receptors in the skin, sweating, shivering, vasodilation and vasoconstriction of arterioles supplying skin-surface capillaries and the coordinating role of the brain. vessels and fatty tissue.in homeostasis.
12. Explain the concept of control by negative feedback.
13. Describe the control of the glucose content of the blood by the liver, and by insulin and glucagon from the pancreas.

Wednesday, July 20, 2011

GRADE 9 IGCSE

RESEARCH

All research should be saved first and will be submitted a
t the end of each SEMESTER inside the PORTFOLIO!!!

Research on the following:
1. History of the Cell Theory.
2. Cell parts that have membranes.
3. The function of the Cell Wall in Plants
4. The importance of ER in the synthesis of protein.
5. What are LYSOSOMES and why are they considered as "suicidal sacs"?
6. How can a Paramecium perform all cell processes?
7. Where would you find more mitochondria? Explain.
8. Comparison between an animal cell and a plant cell.
9. Prokaryotes.
10. New discoveries about CELL.
11. Relate the structure of the following to their
functions
• red blood cells – transport,
• root hair cells – absorption.

Wednesday, May 18, 2011

Grade 9: Research

1. Research about the process of DNA reproduction.
2. How new proteins are made?
3. What is RNA?
4. Research about Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins.
5. Research about James Watson, Francis Crick and the double helix.
6. What is embryo screening?
7. Research about amniocentesis.
8. Research about genetic fingerprinting.

Tuesday, May 3, 2011

GRADE 8: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Research on the following:
1. What is a gland? How does it function?
2. What are the different gland in the body and their location?
3. How do exocrine glands differ from endocrine glands?
4. Define hormones and give their functions.
5. Why is the pituitary gland called the master of glands?
6. Why are adrenal glands called the emergency glands?
7. How can seafoods help prevent goiter?
8. Give the significant role of insulin in blood sugar level.
9. Predict the effect of removing the pancreas of a person.
10. Summarize the function of the endocrine glands:
a. pituitary
b. thyroid
c. parathyroid
d. thymus
e. adrenal
f. pancreas
g. liver
11. Why is the endocrine system considered a regulatory system?
12. What would happen if the adrenaline were continuously released in the body?
13. Do research on diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus- their difference in cause symptoms and treatment.
14. prostaglandins and the perception of pain
15. Negative feedback in hormonal function.
16. Why are some hormones taken orally, while others like insulin are injected in the body?
17. A swimmer's heartbeat increases significantly both before and after swimming. Explain

Tuesday, April 12, 2011

Grade 10: PORTFOLIO

Research the following:
1. Give the functions of the nervous system
2. What is a neuron?
3. Identify the structures concerned with the following:
a. screening the stimuli that reach the cerebrum
b. body controls of the autonomic nervous system
c. controlling heartbeat rate and breathing
4. Identify and give the functions of the following:
a. cranial nerves i. dendrites
b. sensory nerve fibers j. cerebellum
c. motor nerve fibers k. axon
d. spinal cord l. synapse
e. cerebral cortex m. olfactory nerve
f. medulla oblangata n. optic nerve
g. pons o. retina
h. pupil p. myelin sheath
5. Why is the rapid removal of acetylcholine important in controlling impulse transmission?
6. Explain how the following processes take place through your nervous system:
a. muscle contraction
b. heartbeat
c. expanding of blood vessels
d. vision during daytime and night time
e. hearing
7. Discuss the structure of the eye with its parts and functions
8. Discuss the structure of the ear with its parts and functions

Grade 9: TRANSPORT IN HUMANS

RESEARCH ON THE FOLLOWING:
1. What materials are transported during blood circulation?
2. Give the constituents of the blood.
3. What are the major functions of blood in our body?
4. State the roles performed by the following:
A. red blood cells
B. white blood cells
C. platelets
D. Veins
E. Capillaries
F. arteries
G. tricuspid valve
H. lymph
I. heart
J. pulmonary vein
K. spleen
5. How is blood clotting brought about?
6. Describe the function of the heart in transporting blood.
7. Describe the structure of the heart including its parts.
8. What is the role of the lungs in circulation?
9. What is a lymph? What is it made of? How is it transported in the body?
10. What is a complete blood count?
11. Discuss diseases of the blood and how they are brought about.
12 Do research on the work of William Harvey, and summarize his report on blood circulation.
13. Heart transplant and artificial heart.
14. What is a pacemaker?

Thursday, March 31, 2011

Grade 10: Research

Research on the following:
1. Define digestion and its two major phases.
2. Why do we need to take a balanced diet?
3. Give an example of a balanced diet for a day.
4. What role do the following enzymes and secretions play where do the actions take place
a. salivary amylase
b. rennin
c. sucrase
d. maltase
e. lipase
f. bile
g. hydrochloric acid
h. pepsin
5. How do the following accessory organs perform their functions and aid digestion.
a. teeth
b. liver
c. pancreas
d. gallbladder
e. sphincter
f. tongue
6. Explain heartburn and its cause and effect.
7. In what what way is a calorie related to a change in weight?
8. Propose a daily diet for a weightlifter.
9. What vitamin deficiency will a pure vegetarian most likely suffer from?
10. Compare the human digestive system with an/a earthworm, chicken, paramecium, grasshopper and a frog.

Tuesday, March 22, 2011

Grade 9: REVIEW

THIS FOLLOWING TOPICS WILL BE A FORM OF REVIEWER TO ASSIST YOU IN YOUR SCHOOL EXAMINATION AND UNAS. TAKE IT SERIOUSLY.
RESEARCH THE FOLLOWING TOPICS:
1. Characteristics of LIFE
2. The scientific method
3. Cells, Tissue, Organ, Organs system
a. cell function
b. cell parts and functions
c. protoplasm
d. organelles and its function
d. specialized cells
4. Diffusion
5. Osmosis
6. Photosynthesis
7. Nutrients
8. Respiration
a. Aerobic
b. Anaerobic
9. Human skin: parts and function
10. Skeletal System
a. Function
b. Structure
c. Joints
d. Bone growth
11. Muscular System
a. Kinds of Muscles
b. How muscles work
12. Digestive System
a. Digestive Process and its organs
b. Alimentary Canal
c. Digestion in the stomach and small intestine
13. Transport system
a. Parts and Function of the circulatory system
b. Human blood and its parts
c. Blood clotting
d. Blood vessels
e. Human heart
14. Respiratory and Excretory System
a. Breathing
b. How lungs work
c. The kidneys
d. Urinary system
15. Nervous System
a. Parts of a Neuron
b. Central Nervous System
c. Peripheral Nervous System
d. Sense Organs
16. Endocrine System
17. Genetics
18. Animal Kingdom
a. Classification
b. Virus and Bacteria
c. Protozoan
d. Algae
e. Fungi
f. Plant Kingdom
g. Stems, Roots, Leaves
19. Ecology
a. biotic and abiotic factors
b. Ecosystem

Monday, March 14, 2011

GRADE 8: RESEARCH

Research on the following:
1. Give the functions of the nervous system.
2. What is a NEURON?
3. What is a STIMULI?
4. Identify and give the functions of the following:
a. cranial nerves
b. sensory nerve fibers
c. motor nerve fibers
d. dendrites
e. cerebellum
f. myelin sheath
g. spinal cord
h. cerebral cortex
i. medulla oblongata
j. pons
k. pupil
l. axon
m. synapse
n. olfactory nerve
o. optic nerve
p. retina
5. Can a person with normally functioning eyes still be blind? Why or why not?
6. Compare the sense of sight with that of other animals like the cat and the owl. Explain the differences.
7. What are the sense organs?
8. Research about the spinal chord.
9. Research about Luigi Galvani and his contribution to science.
10. How does caffeine affect your nervous system.
11. Research about the parts of the eye and its function.
12. Research about the parts of the ear and its function.
13. Show a diagram of the eye structure and ear structure.
14. How does the sense of smell help an organism to survive.

Wednesday, March 2, 2011

GRADE 9 1GCSE: PORTFOLIO RESEARCH

EVOLUTION
1. Research on the life and works of Charles Darwin.
2. Define Evolution and give its significance.
3. What is a fossil? Why is it important to evolutionists?
4. Describe how Darwin's voyage aboard the beagle influenced his thoughts about life on earth.
5. Choose one animal and trace the its evolution. Present the changes in the body and living habits.
6. Research on the factors responsible for the extinction of the dinosaurs.
7. Who is Lucy in the evolution?
8. Research on the life and works of Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck.
9. How did Lamarck and Darwin differ in their evolution concepts.
10. What is a lethal gene?
11. How does gene mutation cause variations in organisms.
12. Research about the Galapagos Islands and it s importance.
13. Research about a plant or animal that have undergone variations.
14. Research about the background on Human evolution briefly.
15. What is speciation?

Wednesday, February 16, 2011

GRADE 9 1GCSE: PORTFOLIO RESEARCH

1. How does hybridization differ from inbreeding?
2. What is mass selection in genetics?
3. Explain and give examples of mutations in plants.
4. What is gene splicing and how is it used?
5. Embryo culture technique
6. Give and describe examples of breeding strategies.
7. Find out the latest news about recombinant DNA technology.
8. Research on the Human Genome Project.
9. News about breakthroughs in genetics.
10. Research about test tube babies.
11. Cloning technology and how will be used by humans. (Example: Dolly the sheep)

Tuesday, January 25, 2011

GRADE 9 IGCSE: PORTFOLIO RESEARCH

1. Define Inheritance
2. Define terms such as chromosomes, genes, allele.
3. Define the terms haploid and diploid nucleus.
4. Formation of boys and girls in reproduction
5. State the role or job of mitosis in humans
6. Define the terms genotype, phenotype, homozygous, heterozygous,
dominant and recessive.
7. What is a mono-hybrid cross? Show an example.
8. What is variation, discontinued variation and continues variation.
9. Inheritance of Blood groups in humans.
10. Define mutation.
11. Outline the effects of ionizing radiation on
the rate of mutation
12. Describe the role of artificial selection in the production of varieties of animals and plants with increased economic importance.
13. Define natural selection as the greater chance of passing on of genes by the best adapted organisms
14. Explain the importance of natural selection as a possible mechanism for evolution.
15. Describe the development of strains of antibiotic resistant bacteria as an example of natural selection.

Wednesday, January 12, 2011

GRADE 9 1GCSE: PORTFOLIO RESEARCH

RESEARCH ON THE FOLLOWING:
1. Mitosis and Meiosis. Compare and differentiate.
2. The stages or phases of Mitosis and Meiosis.
3. Diagram or chart of the stages of Mitosis and Meiosis.
4. Agriculturists use plant hormones for the cutting process
5. Plant asexual reproduction
A. Cutting
B. Tissue culture
C. Stem Tuber
D. Budding
6. Allergic reactions from pollens.
7. Test tube babies
8. AIDS information, signs and symptoms and its development for cure.

Tuesday, January 4, 2011

GRADE 9 1GCSE: HOMEWORK

Homework: This will be submitted next week printed in an A4 paper.
Note: Prepare for a short quiz about this homework.
Research on the following:
1. Superior ovary and inferior ovary of a flower. Show a diagram.
2. The different types of flowers, such as bisexual and unisexual.
3. Flower symmetry.
4. Investigate and state the environmental condition that affects the germination of seeds: water, oxygen and suitable temperature.
5. Investigate and describe the structure of a non-endospermic seed in terms of the embryo (radicle, plumule and cotyledons) and testa, protected by the fruit.
6. State that seed and fruit dispersal by wind and by animals provides a means of colonising new areas.
7. Describe, using named examples, seed and fruit dispersal by wind and by animals.
8. Search for Cleistogamous flowers.